V prosinci roku 1988 postihlo Arm\u00e9nii rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed o s\u00edle 7. stupn\u011b Richterovy stupnice, st\u00e1t v tehdej\u0161\u00edm Svazu sov\u011btsk\u00fdch socialistick\u00fdch republik. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b rozhodnut\u00ed Hlavn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy Sboru po\u017e\u00e1rn\u00ed ochrany Ministerstva vnitra a \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed \u010cR byla do m\u011bsta Leninakanu vysl\u00e1na 78 \u010dlenn\u00e1 jednotka \u010desk\u00fdch hasi\u010d\u016f. Hlavn\u00ed z\u00e1sahovou \u010dinnost\u00ed v Leninakanu byla z\u00e1chrana osob ze z\u0159\u00edcen\u00fdch objekt\u016f a dal\u0161\u00ed pomoc posti\u017een\u00e9mu obyvatelstvu. \u010cinnosti byly prov\u00e1d\u011bny zejm\u00e9na v centru m\u011bsta a to v dosti slo\u017eit\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b se jednalo o ojedin\u011bl\u00e9 vysl\u00e1n\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 z\u00e1chrann\u00e9 jednotky do zahrani\u010d\u00ed. \u010cesk\u00e1 republika toti\u017e do zahrani\u010d\u00ed poskytovala t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u00fdhradn\u011b finan\u010dn\u00ed nebo materi\u00e1ln\u00ed humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed pomoc.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Historie specializovan\u00e9ho od\u0159adu s jasnou koncepc\u00ed ur\u010den\u00e9ho pro vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a z\u00e1chranu osob ze sutin z\u0159\u00edcen\u00fdch budov se za\u010dala ps\u00e1t a\u017e v roce 1999, tedy v roce, kdy sv\u011bt soust\u0159e\u010foval v\u0161echny dostupn\u00e9 z\u00e1chran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 kapacity do oblast\u00ed posti\u017een\u00fdch zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00edmi v Turecku a na Tchaj-wanu.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Po cenn\u00fdch zku\u0161enostech v roce 1999 bylo jasn\u00e9, \u017ee \u010cesk\u00e1 republika nen\u00ed na poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1chran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 pomoci do zahrani\u010d\u00ed p\u0159ipravena. Chyb\u011bla opora v pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpisech, smluvn\u00ed ujedn\u00e1n\u00ed, dohodnut\u00e1 a odsouhlasen\u00e1 pravidla a metodick\u00e9 pokyny, speci\u00e1ln\u00ed technick\u00e9 prost\u0159edky, nebyl proveden v\u00fdb\u011br osob do z\u00e1chrann\u00fdch jednotek, neprov\u00e1d\u011bla se zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed odborn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edprava atd. Nechyb\u011blo v\u0161ak nad\u0161en\u00ed \u0159ady lid\u00ed pro v\u011bc.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Pro zlep\u0161en\u00ed situace v oblasti poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed pomoci do zahrani\u010d\u00ed bylo po v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch akc\u00edch vyu\u017eito meziresortn\u00ed v\u016fle zab\u00fdvat se problematikou zapojov\u00e1n\u00ed sil a prost\u0159edk\u016f \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky do mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch z\u00e1chrann\u00fdch operac\u00ed a poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed pomoci do zahrani\u010d\u00ed a situace se za\u010dala z\u00e1sadn\u011b m\u011bnit. Vyvrcholen\u00edm bylo p\u0159ijet\u00ed z\u00e1kona \u010d. 239\/2000 Sb., o integrovan\u00e9m z\u00e1chrann\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu. Ten stanovil pln\u011bn\u00ed \u00fakol\u016f v t\u00e9to oblasti. Z\u00e1kon ulo\u017eil Ministerstvu vnitra odpov\u011bdnost za rozhodnut\u00ed o pomoci a za jej\u00ed poskytnut\u00ed v dohod\u011b s Ministerstvem zahrani\u010dn\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
N\u00e1vazn\u00fdm na\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm vl\u00e1dy \u010d. 463\/2000 Sb. pak byla stanovena z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pravidla zapojov\u00e1n\u00ed do mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch z\u00e1chrann\u00fdch operac\u00ed.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Za zm\u00ednku stoj\u00ed tak\u00e9 materi\u00e1l Zapojen\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky do m\u00edrov\u00fdch a z\u00e1chrann\u00fdch operac\u00ed a humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed pomoci, kter\u00fd byl schv\u00e1len usnesen\u00edm vl\u00e1dy \u010d. 458 ze dne 9. kv\u011btna 2001. Na tento materi\u00e1l pak navazovala cel\u00e1 \u0159ada dokument\u016f schv\u00e1len\u00fdch Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed radou \u010cR a vl\u00e1dou \u010cR.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Od roku 1999 bylo pro formov\u00e1n\u00ed prvn\u00ed specializovan\u00e9 vyhled\u00e1vac\u00ed a z\u00e1chrann\u00e9 jednotky vyu\u017eito sil a prost\u0159edk\u016f HZS hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta Prahy a to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm vzhledem k jeho \u0161irok\u00e9 person\u00e1ln\u00ed i materi\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u011b, n\u00e1vaznosti na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed leti\u0161t\u011b i z\u00e1kladnu dopravn\u00edho letectva Arm\u00e1dy \u010cR, kter\u00e1 byla schopna vy\u010dlenit leteck\u00e9 prost\u0159edky pro p\u0159epravu humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed pomoci.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Vzhledem k pot\u0159eb\u011b z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed v\u010dasn\u00fdch informac\u00ed o pot\u0159eb\u011b nasazen\u00ed specializovan\u00fdch z\u00e1chrann\u00fdch jednotek v zahrani\u010d\u00ed, podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch v oblastech posti\u017een\u00fdch katastrofou a koordinace p\u0159i mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch z\u00e1chrann\u00fdch operac\u00edch je tak\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 neust\u00e1l\u00e9 napojen\u00ed \u0159\u00eddic\u00edch struktur HZS \u010cR na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed organizace zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed koordinaci mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch sil p\u0159i mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch z\u00e1chrann\u00fdch operac\u00edch. Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm MV-gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159editelstv\u00ed HZS \u010cR do\u0161lo tak\u00e9 ji\u017e v roce 1999 k napojen\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky na Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed poradn\u00ed skupinu pro vyhled\u00e1vac\u00ed a z\u00e1chrann\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce (INSARAG), v r\u00e1mci n\u00ed\u017e jsou projedn\u00e1v\u00e1na pravidla a metodick\u00e9 postupy pro v\u0161echny procedury p\u0159i vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed, transportu, p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed a koordinaci mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch sil p\u0159i rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch katastrof\u00e1ch spojen\u00fdch se z\u0159\u00edcen\u00edm objekt\u016f a poruchou infrastruktury v posti\u017een\u00e9 oblasti.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
D\u016fle\u017eitou slo\u017ekou USAR od\u0159adu jsou kynologov\u00e9 se speci\u00e1ln\u011b vycvi\u010den\u00fdmi psy pro vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eiv\u00fdch osob ze sutin. Proto bylo pot\u0159eba p\u0159ikro\u010dit k syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci s kynologick\u00fdmi organizacemi p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00edmi na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR a k jejich vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a d\u00e1le k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed podm\u00ednek pro vznik slu\u017eebn\u00ed kynologie u HZS \u010cR.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
N\u00e1sledovalo postupn\u00e9 vybavov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dlen\u016f p\u0159edur\u010den\u00fdch do USAR od\u0159adu osobn\u00edmi ochrann\u00fdmi prost\u0159edky a prost\u0159edky osobn\u00edmi pot\u0159eby a zaji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed technick\u00fdch a logistick\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f pro USAR od\u0159ad z finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f HZS hl. m. Prahy a MV-gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159editelstv\u00ed HZS \u010cR.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
S platnost\u00ed od 1. \u010dervence 2007 dos\u00e1hl tak\u00e9 HZS Moravskoslezsk\u00e9ho kraje akceschopnosti vyhled\u00e1vac\u00edho a z\u00e1chrann\u00e9ho od\u0159adu, USAR od\u0159adu pro pot\u0159eby nasazen\u00ed na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky i v r\u00e1mci mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch z\u00e1chrann\u00fdch operac\u00ed.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed informace o tomto od\u0159adu naleznete v \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed kategorie.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Je t\u0159eba u\u010dinit tak\u00e9 zm\u00ednku o n\u00e1zvu vyhled\u00e1vac\u00ed a z\u00e1chrann\u00e9 jednotky, tedy USAR od\u0159adu (USAR \u2013 z anglick\u00e9ho Urban Search and Rescue = vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a z\u00e1chrana v obydlen\u00fdch oblastech). Mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b se n\u011bkolik let pou\u017e\u00edvalo ozna\u010den\u00ed SAR. Okolo roku 2002 v\u0161ak bylo v r\u00e1mci pravideln\u00fdch jedn\u00e1n\u00ed Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed poradn\u00ed skupiny pro vyhled\u00e1vac\u00ed a z\u00e1chrann\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce (INSARAG) rozhodnuto o up\u0159esn\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1zvu na USAR z toho d\u016fvodu, \u017ee n\u00e1zev SAR (Search and Rescue) byl pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n z\u00e1rove\u0148 pro slu\u017ebu p\u00e1tr\u00e1n\u00ed a z\u00e1chrany v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zmizel\u00fdch letadel, aby nedoch\u00e1zelo k z\u00e1m\u011bn\u011b t\u011bchto dvou odli\u0161n\u00fdch problematik.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
V prosinci roku 1988 postihlo Arm\u00e9nii rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed o s\u00edle 7. stupn\u011b Richterovy stupnice, st\u00e1t v tehdej\u0161\u00edm Svazu sov\u011btsk\u00fdch socialistick\u00fdch republik. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b rozhodnut\u00ed Hlavn\u00ed […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":176,"menu_order":4,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-21","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.usar.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.usar.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.usar.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.usar.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.usar.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.usar.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":175,"href":"https:\/\/www.usar.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21\/revisions\/175"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.usar.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/176"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.usar.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}